ENGLISH GRAMMAR IN USE FOR INTERMEDIATE
42. Passive 1 (is washed/was done)
| A | Study this example: |  | This house was built in 1961. Was built is passive. Compare active and passive:  | When nosotros use an active verb, we say what the subject does: · My grandfather was a architect. He built this house in 1961. · It'due south a big visitor. Information technology employs two hundred people. When nosotros employ a passive verb, we say what happens to the subject: · 'How old is this business firm?' 'It was built in 1961.' · Two hundred people are employed by the visitor. |
| B | When we use the passive, who or what causes the action is oft unknown or unimportant: · A lot of money was stolen in the robbery. (somebody stole it, just we don't know who) · Is this room cleaned every day? (does somebody clean information technology?- it'due south not of import who) If we want to say who does or what causes the activity, we use past : · This house was congenital past my granddad . · Two hundred people are employed by the company . |
| C | The passive is be (is/was etc.)+ past participle (done/cleaned/seen etc.) : (be) done (be) cleaned (be) damaged (be) built (be) seen etc. For irregular past participles ( washed/seen/known etc.), see Appendix 1. Report the agile and passive forms of the present simple and by simple: | Present uncomplicated | Past elementary | |  Active clean(s) I see(s) etc. Passive am/is/are + cleaned/seen etc. · Many accidents are caused past careless driving. · I 'm not invited to parties very ofttimes. · How is this word pronounced ? | Active cleaned/saw etc. Passive was/were+ cleaned/seen etc. · We were woken up past a loud noise during the night. · 'Did you go to the party?' 'No, I wasn't invited .' · How much coin was stolen in the robbery? | |
EXERCISES
| 42.ane | Complete the sentences using ane of these verbs in the correct form, nowadays or past: cause damage hold invite make overtake show surround translate write | 1 | Many accidents _____are caused ______ by unsafe driving. | | ii | Cheese ___________ from milk. | | 3 | The roof of the building __________ in a storm a few days ago. | | four | Yous ____________ to the wedding. Why didn't you lot become? | | 5 | A movie theater is a place where films _______________. | | six | In the United States, elections for president _________ every four years. | | 7 | Originally the book __________ in Spanish, and a few years ago information technology ______ into English language. | | 8 | Although nosotros were driving fast, we _____________ by a lot of other cars. | | 9 | You can't see the house from the road. It ______________by trees. | |
| 42.2 | Write questions using the passive. Some are nowadays and some are past. | ane | Ask well-nigh glass. (how /brand?) | ____ How is drinking glass made ________ | | 2 | Enquire about idiot box. (when /invent?) | ___________________________ | | 3 | Ask about mountains. (how /grade?) | ___________________________ | | 4 | Enquire nigh antibiotics. (when /discover?) | ___________________________ | | five | Ask virtually silver. (what /utilize for?) | ___________________________ | |
| 42.3 | Put the verb into the correct form, present simple or past simple, active or passive. | ane | Information technology's a big factory. Five hundred people ____ are employed _____ (apply) there. | | two | _____ Did somebody clean _____(somebody /clean) this room yesterday? | | iii | Water _______ (cover) almost of the world's surface. | | 4 | How much of the earth's surface __________ (encompass) past h2o? | | 5 | The park gates _______________(lock) at 6.30 p.thousand. every evening. | | six | The alphabetic character _____ (transport) a calendar week agone and it (go far) ___________ yesterday. | | seven | The boat hit a rock and ________ (sink) apace. Fortunately everybody_______ (rescue). | | 8 | Robert'south parents ________ (dice) when he was very immature. He and his sister ______ (bring up) past their grandparents. | | 9 | I was born in London, but I ______(grow up) in Canada. | | 10 | While I was on vacation, my camera _________ (steal) from my hotel room. | | eleven | While I was on holiday, my camera ____________ (disappear) from my hotel room. | | 12 | Why _________ (Sue /resign) from her job? Didn't she enjoy it? | | 13 | Why_________(Ben /fire) from his job? Did he do something incorrect? | | 14 | The visitor is non independent. Information technology _____________(own) past a much larger company. | | 15 | I saw an blow final night. Somebody ______ (phone call) an ambulance but nobody ______ (injure), so the ambulance ________(non /demand). | | 16 | Where ______ (these pictures /accept)? In London?________ (you /take) them, or somebody else? | | 17 | Sometimes it's quite noisy living here, only information technology's not a problem for me - I _____ (not /bother) by it. | |
| 42.3 | Rewrite these sentences. Instead of using somebody, they, people etc. write a passive judgement. | 1 | Somebody cleans the room every day. | ______The room is cleaned every mean solar day ___________ | | 2 | They cancelled all flights because of fog. | All __________________________ | | three | People don 1t use this route much. | ________________________________ | | 4 | Somebody defendant me of stealing money | I _______________________________________ | | 5 | How practice people learn languages? | How ____________________________________ | | 6 | People warned us not to become out alone. | __________________________________________ | |
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